Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are an important and ubiquitous determinant of quality of life in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, robust evidence for their treatment is still a major unmet need.
This study aimed to provide an updated review on advances in pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and exercise-based interventions for NMS in PD, covering the period since the publication of the MDS Task Force Recommendations.
Recent evidence suggests that targeted non-pharmacological treatments, as well as some other NMS management options, may have a significant beneficial effect on the quality of life and need to be considered in the pathways of treatment of PD.
